FAQ

A list of frequently asked questions about RISE.

What is RISE?

RISE is a next-generation Ethereum Layer 2 solution designed to revolutionize blockchain scalability and performance. It aims to achieve an unprecedented 100,000 transactions per second (TPS) while maintaining security and decentralization.

How does RISE achieve high performance?

RISE uses several innovative technologies:

1. Based Rollups. An evolution of rollup technology that enhances decentralisation and security.
2. Versioned Merkle Tree (VMT). A novel structure to optimize state access and improve overall system performance.
3. Continuous Block Production (CBP). A parallelized block pipeline with concurrent stages and a Continuous Execution (CE) thread.
4. pevm. A parallel EVM that allows for concurrent execution of transactions.

These technologies allow RISE to process transactions at a rate of 100,000 TPS while maintaining security and decentralisation.

What is gas per second?

Gas per second (gas/s) is a new measure of bandwidth, determined by dividing the total gas consumed in a time period by the total number of seconds. It is a better metric than transactions per second (TPS).

• TPS is misleading because the complexity of a transfer is very different to a swap, NFT Mint, multi-sig approval, etc.
  • Each transaction type may require storage or memory reads and writes, addition, multiplication, and many other operations.
• When we say a blockchain X can process 1000 TPS, we do not know whether these are 1000 ETH transfers, swaps or something else.

What are based rollups?

A rollup is said to be based-sequenced, when its sequencing is driven by the base L1. In other words, transaction ordering is determined by L1 validators.

Going based is the decentralisation strategy for RISE, which offers:

• Credible neutrality.
• Shared sequencing & Atomic interoperability.
• Decentralisation.
• Censorship resistance & Liveness guarantees.

What is the RISE parallel EVM (pevm)?

pevm is RISE's innovative approach to accelerate EVM execution, addressing the execution bottleneck in Layer 2 solutions. pevm allows for concurrent execution of transactions within EVM blocks, which are typically processed sequentially. Key features of pevm include:

• Compatibility with Reth (Rust Ethereum).
• Ability to split transaction execution across multiple CPU cores.
• Maintenance of deterministic outcomes despite parallel processing.

Initial benchmarks show promising results:

• For large blocks with few dependencies, Uniswap swaps saw a 22x improvement in execution speed.
• On average, pevm is around 2x faster than typical sequential execution for a variety of Ethereum blocks.
• The max speed-up is around 4x for a block with few dependencies.
• For L2's with large blocks, pevm is expected to consistently surpass 5x improvement in execution speed.

How can I get involved with RISE?

You can get involved with RISE in several ways:

1. Join our Discord community
2. Follow us on Twitter (X) for updates
3. Check out our GitHub for open issues or to propose new features
4. Submit pull requests to help improve RISE

Where can I find the RISE whitepaper?

You can find the RISE whitepaper on GitHub.

How does RISE compare to other Layer 2 solutions?

RISE aims to push the boundaries of layer 2 performance by targeting 100,000 TPS, which is significantly higher than most existing solutions. It also focuses on maintaining strong security and decentralisation through the use of Based Rollups and innovative state management techniques.

Is RISE compatible with existing Ethereum tools and dApps?

As an Ethereum Layer 2 solution, RISE is designed to be compatible with existing Ethereum tools and dApps. However, for specific compatibility information, it's best to consult the latest technical documentation or reach out to the RISE team directly.